Fateha & Esale Suwaab

[Hanafi Muslima]

 

 

It is permissible for a Muslim to send the Sawaab of his deeds, such a Salaah, Zakaah, Hajj, Sadaqa, etc. to others. (Hidaya) If a person kept Fast, performed his or her Salaah, or gave Sadaqa and then sent this Sawaab to another person, either living or deceased, then to do so is permissible, and that Sawaab reaches the said person. (Bahrur Raa'iq)

 

Sayyiduna Anas asked the Prophet : "If we send Sawaab to the deceased, give Sadaqa and Khayraat and ask Du'a for them, does this reach them?" The Prophet said: "Verily it reaches them. Read Salaah for them as you read for yourself and fast for them as you fast for yourself. In other words, make Esaale Sawaab of Salaah and Saum for them."

 

Sayyiduna Abdullah ibn Abbas has stated: "On the Days of Eid, the 10th of Muharram, the first Friday of Rajab, on Shabbe Baraat, and on Thursday nights, the souls of the deceased are left free to go to their homes, wherein they go and ask for Sadaqa and Khayraat. If they do not receive any Du'a or Fateha, then they return to their graves saddened and disappointed and they say, 'O Allah! They have deprived us, You deprive them'".

 

Holy Prophet said: "When a person passes away and the family of the deceased gives Sadaqa, Khayraat and makes Du'a for him, then Sayyiduna Jibraeel (alaihis salaam) takes it to them in their graves on a tray that is beautifully decorated. When they receive this, they become so pleased as if someone in the world becomes pleased on receiving a gift, and his neighbour who has not received any Sawaab becomes sad".

 

Sayyiduna Sa'ad ibn Ubaadah once came to the Prophet and said: "Ya Rasoolallah ! My mother has passed away. What can I do for Esaale Sawaab?" The Prophet said: "Prepare a well for water". When the well was prepared, Rasoolullah went close to the well and made Du'a: "This is for the Esaale Sawaab for the mother of Saad". While making this Du'a, he raised his hands high, and after Du'a, he turned his hands over his blessed face.

 

For those who object to Fateha and Du'a, the following is for their perusal:-

 

1. It is allowed to make Du'a in front of the Niyaz (offering), as this is what the Prophet did by coming close to the well to make Du'a.

2. It is allowed to lift up the hands for Du'a and to end the Du'a by turning the hands over the face.

3. It is preferable to call a pious person to make the Du'a.

4. To make Fateha on Niyaz is allowed. If it were not, then the Prophet would not have made Du'a near the water, but would have said that the intention was sufficient.

5. For the person to obtain the Sawaab, it is not necessary to feed the Niyaz first, but Du'a can be made before this since the Prophet made Du'a even before any person drank out of the well.

 

Whosoever makes Khatam of the Holy Quran and then makes Du'a, 4 000 Angels say Aameen on his Du'a. They then continue making Du'a for him and they continue asking blessings for him until the morning or afternoon. (Tafseer Roohul Bayaan)

 

At the time of Khatam Shareef, there is a flow of mercy and to make Du'a after completing the Quran is Mustahab. When Sayyiduna Anas used to complete the Holy Quran, then he would call all his family and friends and make Du'a. (Jila'ul Afhaam) When making Fateha, one should follow the proceedure of the pious Saints. When making the Fateha, send the Sawaab to the Prophet , the pious servants, the Companions, and then through their blessing, ask for it to be sent to the soul of the deceased. This is the prescribed method, and this is the method that the Ahle Sunnah has always followed.

 

By making Esaale Sawaab, it gives comfort to the deceased, pleases them, saves them from the torment of the grave, elevates their status and causes benefit to the sender as well as the receiver.