Refuting Qawaid al-Arba - Contextualizing Quranic Verses Employed In The Second Principle.

[MuhammedAli]

Introduction:

Muhammad bin Abdul Wahhab’s Qawa’id Al Arba is the Takfir manual for heretics. This little book introduces all heretics to the art of making everyone Mushrik. The focus of this article would be to explain the evidences which Muhammad bin Abdul Wahhab utilized to establish the rules in his second principle. This will serve two main objectives; 1) this will allow the readers to know the subject matter of the issue in detail, 2) and once the correct understanding these verses realized by the readers then it will be easier to see the trick being played.
 

The Second Principle Of Qawaid Al Arba:

That they say: We do not call upon and turn towards them except to seek nearness and intercession. So the proof against seeking this nearness (through others like Awliyah) is the saying of the Most High: “And those who you take Awliyah besides Him (they say): ‘We worship them only that they may bring us near to Allah.” Verily, Allah will judge between them concerning that wherein they differ. Truly, Allah guides not him who is a liar, and a disbeliever.” [Ref: 39:3] And the proof of intercession (through Awliyah) is the saying of the Most High: “And they worship besides Allah things that hurt them not, nor profit them, and they say: These are our intercessors with Allah.” [Ref: 10:18] And intercession is of two types; a) the prohibited intercession, and the affirmed intercession. The prohibited intercession is that which is sought from other than Allah concerning that which only Allah is able to do. And the proof is the saying of the Most High: “O you who believe! Spend from that which We have provided for you, before a Day comes when there will be no bargaining, nor friendship, nor intercession. And it is the disbelievers who are the wrong-doers.” [Ref: 2:254] And the affirmed intercession is that which is sought from Allah, and the intercessor is honored with the intercession and the one interceded for, is one whom Allah is pleased with; his speech and actions, after he gives permission, as He, Ta’aala, said: “Who is he that can intercede with Him except with His permission?” [Ref: 2:255]
 

Part One – A: The Awliyah Of Polytheists:

The polytheists of Makkah attempted to scare Prophet (sallallahu alayhi was’sallam) by saying: "We say nothing but that (perhaps) some of our gods may have seized thee with imbecility.” [Ref: 11:54] Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) responds to their this saying: “Is not Allah enough for his Servant? But they try to frighten thee with other besides Him! For such as Allah leaves to stray, there can be no guide.” [Ref: 39:36] In another verse Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) refers to the idol-gods of polytheists as Satan’s Awliyah: “That is only Satan who frightens [you] of his Awliyah. So fear them not but fear Me, if you are [indeed] believers.” [Ref: 3:175] This establishes that Awliyah of polytheists according to Quran are idol-gods of polytheists. Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) states: “Then do those who disbelieve think that they can take My servants instead of Me as Awliyah?” [Ref: 18:102] “Or have they taken Awliyah besides him? But Allah - He is the Protector ...” [Ref: 42:9] Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) states on the day of judgment the Awliyah of polytheists will be gathered and questioned: “And [mention] the Day He will gather them and that which they worship besides Allah and will say, "Did you mislead these, My servants, or did they [themselves] stray from the way?" [Ref: 25:7] These Awliyah will reply to Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala😞 "Exalted are You! It was not for us to take besides You any Awliyah. But You provided comforts for them and their fathers until they forgot the message and became a people ruined." [Ref: 25:8] Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) explicitly narrates the questioning of Awliyah of polytheists: “And [beware the Day] when Allah will say: O Jesus, Son of Mary did you say to the people: Take me and my mother as gods besides Allah? He will say: "Exalted are You! It was not for me to say that to which I have no right. If I had said it; You would have known it. You know what is within myself, and I do not know what is within Yourself. Indeed, it is You who is Knower of the unseen.” [Ref: 5:116] Once again this establishes the Awliyah of polytheists were people who had been elevated to status of gods or idols who were believed to be gods. Regarding the Awliyah of polytheists Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) states: “Say: Who is Lord of the heavens and earth? Say: Allah! Say: Have you then taken besides Him Awliyah not possessing [even] for themselves any benefit or any harm?” [Ref: 13:16] These harmless and profitless Awliyah were worshiped by polytheists: “But they worship rather than Allah that which does not benefit them or harm them, and the disbeliever is ever, against his Lord, an assistant [to Satan].” [Ref: 25:55] The polytheists worshipped idols besides Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) and this is attested in the following verse: “You only worship, besides Allah idols and you produce a falsehood. Indeed, those you worship besides Allah do not possess for you [the power of] provision." [Ref: 29:17] “They said: "We worship idols, and to them we are ever devoted." [Ref: 26:71] This establishes that the Awliyah of polytheists stated in the following verse are idols: “And those who you take Awliyah besides Him (they say): ‘We worship them only that they may bring us near to Allah.” [Ref: 39:3] And these idols were believed to be gods as declared in the following verse: "These our people have taken for worship gods other than Him.” [Ref: 18:15]

Part One – B: Polytheists Worshiped Gods Besides Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala😞

The Awliyah of polytheists are their gods whom they worshiped besides Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala). Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) declared, the Awliyah of polytheists will deny worship of polytheists: “And they have taken besides Allah [false] gods that they would be for them [a source of] honor. No! Those [gods] will deny their worship of them and will be against them opponents [on the Day of Judgment].” [Ref: 19:81/82] These gods were idols as indicated by the following words of Quran: And said, "You have only taken, other than Allah, idols as [a bond of] affection among you in worldly life. Then on the Day of Resurrection you will deny one another and curse one another, and your refuge will be the Fire, and you will not have any helpers." [Ref: 29:25] These worshipped will include the idols of Prophet Isa (alayhis salam) and of the pious belonging to nation of Prophet Nuh (alayhis salam). The origin of the idols worshipped by Arab polytheists is stated by Ibn Abbas (radiallah ta’ala anhu😞 “All the idols which were worshipped by the people of Noah were worshipped by the Arabs later on. As for the idol Wadd, it was worshipped by the tribe of Kalb at Daumat-al-Jandal; Suwa' was the idol of (the tribe of) Murad and then by Ban, Ghutaif at Al-Jurf near Saba; Yauq was the idol of Hamdan, and Nasr was the idol of Himyr, the branch of Dhi-al-Kala.'” [Ref: Bukhari, B60, H442] Then Ibn Abbas (radiallah ta’ala anhu) goes on to state about the identity of the idols: “The names (of the idols) formerly belonged to some pious men of the people of Noah, and when they died Satan inspired their people to (prepare and place idols at the places where they used to sit, and to call those idols by their names. The people did so, but the idols were not worshipped till those people (who initiated them) had died and the origin of the idols had become obscure, whereupon people began worshipping them.” [Ref: Bukhari, B60, H442] These pious people as well as Prophet Isa (alayhis salaam), Maryam (alayhis salaam), Uzair (alayhis salam) all will disown those who have elevated them to status of gods and deny the worship. And the idols which were made to represent them will enter fire as stated by the verse. Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) tells Prophet (sallallahu alayhi was’sallam) to enquire from the Messengers before Prophet (sallallahu alayhi was’sallam) if Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) permitted taking of gods with Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) and their worship: “And ask those We sent before you of Our messengers; have We made besides the Most Merciful gods to be worshipped?” [Ref: 43:45] Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) in another verse answers the question Himself: “Or have they taken gods besides Him? Say, [O Muhammad], "Produce your proof. This [Qur'an] is the message for those with me and the message of those before me." But most of them do not know the truth, so they are turning away. And We sent not before you any messenger except that We revealed to him that: "There is no god except Me so worship Me." [Ref: 21:24/25] This establishes that polytheists worshiped gods besides Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) and in Islam the worship is to be only of God.

Part One – 😄 Verse 39:3 In Context Of Beliefs Of Polytheists:

The verse quoted by Muhammad bin Abdul Wahhab in light of above established evidence means; those who you take idol-god Awliyah besides Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) say; we worship idol-god Awliyah that they may bring us near to Allah. It would be better if the mentioned interpretation is put in the context of verse, contextual interpretation: “And those who you take as [idol-god] Awliyah besides Him (they say): ‘We worship them [the idol-gods] only that they may bring us near to Allah.” Verily, Allah will judge between them concerning that wherein they differ. Truly, Allah guides not him who is a liar, and a disbeliever.” [Ref: 39:3] Note in response to claim of polytheists Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) states: Verily, Allah will judge between them concerning that wherein they differ. Truly, Allah guides not him who is a liar and a disbeliever.” [Ref: 39:3] Indicating that those who make this claim are lying about why they take their idol-gods as Awliyah with Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala). In a nutshell, the verse 39:3 was revealed regarding the polytheists and their gods and not about Muslims. Please bare these two important points in mind because these points are essential to fault of Muhammad bin Abdul Wahhab’s methodology.

Part Two – A: Polytheists Worship Which Cannot Profit Or Harm:

Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) states: “And they worship besides Allah things that hurt them not, nor profit them, and they say: These are our intercessors with Allah.” [Ref: 10:18] In the following Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) tells; a Kafir [takes intercessor with Allah subhanahu wa ta’ala and] worships which do not benefit or harm: “But they worship rather than Allah that which does not benefit them or harm them, and the disbeliever is ever against his Lord, an assistant [to Satan].” [Ref: 25:55] While refuting the belief of disbelievers, Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) gives hint about the identity of intercessors: “Or have they taken other than Allah as intercessors? Say, "Even though they do not possess [power over] anything, nor do they reason?" [Ref: 39:43]Arguing against the disbelievers that you take them as intercessors with Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) even though they possess no ability [of life hearing, seeing, walking, talking] nor they can reason [because they cannot speak]. Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) prohibits the disbelievers from taking intercessors with Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala😞 “And do not invoke besides Allah that which neither benefits you nor harms you, for if you did, then indeed you would be of the wrongdoers.'" [Ref: 10:106] From all this we established; disbelievers took intercessors, their intercessors have no ability to harm or benefit, and disbelievers are prohibited from taking intercessors to Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala). To know why the intercessors of polytheists are unable to harm/benefit and why the disbelievers were prohibited from taking intercessors with Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) we have to identify the type of intercessor they took.

Part Two – B: Worshiping Intercessor Idol-Gods:

Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) quotes: "These our people have taken for worship gods other than Him.” [Ref: 18:15] “And they have taken besides Allah [false] gods that they would be for them [a source of] honor. No! Those [gods] will deny their worship of them and will be against them opponents [on the Day of Judgment].” [Ref: 19:81/82] These gods were worshipped in form of idols which the polytheists themselves created: “You only worship, besides Allah idols and you produce a falsehood. Indeed, those you worship besides Allah do not possess for you [the power of] provision." [Ref: 29:17] These verses of established that those whom the polytheists worshiped besides Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) were idol-gods. The following verse further establishes that these idol-gods whom the polytheists had taken as intercessors do not have power to benefit or harm: “And they worship besides Allah things that hurt them not nor profit them and they say: These are our intercessors with Allah.” [Ref: 10:18] In another verse Prophet (sallallahu alayhi was’sallam) is made to say about the idol-gods of polytheists: “Should I take other than Him gods! If the Most Merciful intends for me some adversity, their intercession will not avail me at all, nor can they save me.” [Ref: 36:23] This establishes that the polytheists believed their idol-gods are their intercessors with Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala).

Part Two – 😄 Harmless, Profitless Idol-Gods:

Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) narrates the intention of Prophet Ibrahim (alayhis salaam😞 “And by Allah I will surely plan against your idols after you have turned and gone away." So he made them into fragments, except a large one among them so they might return to it [and question].” [Ref: 21:57/58] When the polytheists of his nation came back they questioned to each other: "Who has done this to our gods? Indeed, he is of the wrongdoers." They said, "We heard a young man mention them who is called Abraham." They said, "Then bring him before the eyes of the people that they may testify." [Ref: 21:59/61] They questioned Prophet Ibrahim (alayhis salaam) and received a very thought poking response: “They said, "Have you done this to our gods, O Abraham?" He said, "Rather, this - the largest of them - did it, so ask them, if they should [be able to] speak." [Ref: 21:62/63]  Upon this they realize the error of their belief but remained upon their disbelief and replied to Prophet Ibrahim (alayhis salaam😞 “So they returned to [blaming] themselves and said [to each other], "Indeed, you are the wrongdoers." Then they reversed themselves, [saying], "You have already known that these do not speak!" [Ref: 21:64/65] To which Prophet Ibrahim (alayhis salaam) replied: "Then do you worship instead of Allah that which does not benefit you at all or harm you? Uff to you and to what you worship instead of Allah. Then will you not use reason?" [Ref: 21:66/67] To which the polytheists had no response other then easiest way out; they intended to kill him. Implication Note that Prophet Ibrahim (alayhi salaam) regarding the idol-gods of polytheists said: "You have already known that these do not speak!" He said, "Then do you worship instead of Allah that which does not benefit you at all or harm you?” [Ref: 21:66] And regarding the polytheists of Arabia Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) said: “And they worship besides Allah things that hurt them not nor profit them and they say: These are our intercessors with Allah.” [Ref: 10:18] This establishes verse about polytheists of Arabia was about their idol-gods and in the verse Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) is stating; polytheists worship idol-gods besides Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) which do not hurt nor profit them and yet the polytheists take these idol-gods as intercessors:

Part Two – 😧 Verse 10:18 In Context Of Beliefs Of Polytheists:

The true interpretation of the verse quoted by Muhammad bin Abdul Wahhab is as follows. They the polytheist worship besides Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) idol-gods that hurt them not nor profit them and the polytheists say regarding their idol-gods; these idol-gods are our intercessors with Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala). Putting this understanding in the context of the verse; “And they [the polytheists] worship besides Allah [idol-gods] things that hurt them not nor profit them and they [the polytheists] say: These [idol-gods] are our intercessors with Allah.” [Ref: 10:18] The verse continues with to mention association of polytheists with Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala😞 “Say, "Do you inform Allah of something He does not know in the heavens or on the earth?" Exalted is He and high above what they associate with Him.” [Ref: 10:18] Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) states in another verse: “Follow what has been revealed to you from your Lord - there is no god except Him - and turn away from those who associate others with Allah.” [Ref: 6:106] This establishes Polytheists of Arabian Peninsula took their idol-gods as intercessors with Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) and worshipped them as such.

Part Three – A: No Friendship Nor Intercession For Disbelievers:

Muhammad bin Abdul Wahhab introduced into Islam a heretical type of intercession which he defined as; “The prohibited intercession is that which is sought from other than Allah concerning that which only Allah is able to do.” And to establish this principle he quoted the following verse of Quran: “O you who believe! Spend from that which We have provided for you, before a Day comes when there will be no bargaining, nor friendship, nor intercession. And it is the disbelievers who are the wrong-doers.” [Ref: 2:254] The day mentioned in the verse is judgment day and for the disbelievers there will be no bargaining nor friendship nor intercession. Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) will say to the polytheists: “[it will be said to them], "And you have certainly come to Us alone as We created you the first time, and you have left whatever We bestowed upon you behind you. And We do not see with you your 'intercessors' which you claimed that they were among you associates [of Allah]. It has [all] been severed between you, and lost from you is what you used to claim." [Ref: 6:94] Realizing that they have no one to intercede for them the polytheists will say: “Do they wait except its result? The Day its result comes those who had ignored it before will say, "The messengers of our Lord had come with the truth, so are there [now] any intercessors to intercede for us or could we be sent back to do other than we used to do?" They will have lost themselves, and lost from them is what they used to invent.” [Ref: 7:53] Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) stated regarding the polytheists: “And the Day the Hour appears the criminals will be in despair. And there will not be for them among their [alleged] partners any intercessors, and they will [then] be disbelievers in their partners.” [Ref: 30:12/13] Quran records the words how polytheists will disassociate themselves from the partners they ascribed to Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala😞 “To him [alone] is attributed knowledge of the Hour. And fruits emerge not from their coverings nor does a female conceive or give birth except with His knowledge. And the Day He will call to them: "Where are My 'partners'?" they will say, "We announce to You that there is [no longer] among us any witness [to that]." [Ref: 41:47] The polytheists will say this because those whom they worshipped will deny being worshipped: “And [mention, O Muhammad], the Day We will gather them all together - then We will say to those who associated others with Allah, "[Remain in] your place you and your 'partners.' "Then We will separate them, and their "partners" will say: "You did not used to worship us.” [Re: 10:28]

Part Three – B: The Permitted Intercessors Will Intercede For Muslims:

Muhammad bin Abdul Wahhab stated: “And the affirmed intercession is that which is sought from Allah, and the intercessor is honored with the intercession and the one interceded for, is one whom Allah is pleased with; his speech and actions…” And to establish this innovative principle he quoted the following verse: “To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. Who is it that can intercede with Him except by His permission? He knows what is [presently] before them and ...” [Ref: 2:255] There are many verses of Quran which establish the intercession of those whom Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) will permit, Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) states: “Indeed, your Lord is Allah, who created the heavens and the earth in six days and then established Himself above the Throne, arranging the matter [of His creation]. There is no intercessor except after His permission. That is Allah, your Lord, so worship Him. Then will you not remember?” [Ref: 10:3] The people of hell will request the angels: ”And those in the fire will say to the keepers of hell, "Supplicate your Lord to lighten for us a day from the punishment." [Ref: 40:49] Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) states that their intercession will not avail them: “And how many angels there are in the heavens whose intercession will not avail at all except [only] after Allah has permitted [it] to whom He wills and approves.” [Ref: 53:26] Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) states about idol-gods of polytheists not having the right to intercede and some being granted the right of intercession: “And those they invoke besides Him do not possess [power of] intercession; but only those who testify to the truth [can benefit], and they know.” [Ref: 43:86] “None will have [power of] intercession except he who had taken from the Most Merciful a covenant.” [Ref: 19:87] “That Day, no intercession will benefit except [that of] one to whom the Most Merciful has given permission and has accepted his word.” [Ref: 20:109] Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) states those intercessors who will be permitted to intercede will only intercede for whom Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) will permit: “And intercession does not benefit with Him except for one whom He permits. [And those wait] until, when terror is removed from their hearts ...” [Ref: 34:23] “He knows what is [presently] before them and what will be after them, and they cannot intercede except on behalf of one whom He approves. And they, from fear of Him, are apprehensive.” [Ref: 21:28] Many Ahadith record the details regarding the intercessors and about whom they would intercede. Prophet (sallallahu alayhi was’sallam) said: “The people will come to me, and I will prostrate myself underneath Allah's Throne. Then I will be addressed: 'O Muhammad! Raise your head; intercede, for your intercession will be accepted, and ask (for anything) for you will be given." [Ref: Bukhari, B55, H556] In another hadith it is recorded that Prophet (sallallahu alayhi was’sallam) said: "On the Day of Resurrection I will intercede and say, "O my Lord! Admit into Paradise (even) those who have faith equal to a mustard seed in their hearts." Such people will enter Paradise, and then I will say, 'O (Allah) admit into Paradise (even) those who have the least amount of faith in their hearts.” [Ref: Bukhari, B93, H600] The intercession of Prophet (sallallahu alayhi was’sallam) will be for those who committed major sins: "My intercession is for the people who committed the major sins in my Ummah." [Ref: Tirmadhi, B11, H2435] Ahadith also record Prophet (sallallahu alayhi was’sallam) has told of others from amongst the Ummah interceding behalf of sinful Muslims: "Indeed in my Ummah are those who intercede for large groups of people, and among them (there are) who intercede for a tribe, and among them (there are) who intercede for a group, and among them (there are) who intercede for a man, until they are admitted to Paradise." [Ref: Tirmadhi, B11, H2440] Another hadith states Messengers and angles will be instructed to intercede: ”Then the angels will come and intercede and the Messengers will intercede.' And he mentioned the Sirat, and said: "The Messenger of Allah said: 'I will be the first one to cross it, and when Allah has finished passing judgment among His creation, and has brought forth from the Fire those whom He wants to bring forth, Allah will command the angels and the Messengers to intercede and they will be recognized by their signs, for the Fire will consume all of the son of Adam apart from the place of prostration. Then the water of life will be poured on them, and they will grow like seeds on the banks of a rainwater stream." [Ref: Nisa’I, B12, H1141] Another version of the hadith also includes believers in the list of permitted intercessors: "Then the prophets and angels and the believers will intercede, and (last of all) the Almighty (Allah) will say …” [Ref: Bukhari, B93, H532]

Part Three – 😄 Why No Intercessor And Intercession For Disbelievers:

Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) states: “O you who believe! Spend from that which We have provided for you, before a Day comes when there will be no bargaining, nor friendship, nor intercession. And it is the disbelievers who are the wrong-doers.” [Ref: 2:254] It has already been established that believers will have intercessors and Muslims having Wali’s is established by the following verse; “Your Wali is none but Allah and His Messenger and those who have believed - those who establish prayer and give zakah, and they bow [in worship].” [Ref: 5:55] And Prophet (sallallahu alayhi was’sallam) and believers being Wali’s of each other will not change even on the judgment day: “Close friends, that Day, will be enemies to each other, except for the righteous.” [Ref: 43:67] Hence the verse does not mean believers will not have anyone to intercede for them. On the judgment day when the mankind realizes the reality they will then seek friendship and seek to bargain. Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) informs them that on that day there will be no such a thing. Hence implying that time for bargaining your wealth, time, for securing and making friendship and assuring intercession your life time on earth. If you fail to secure it in your earthly life then Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) states regarding such wrong-doers (i.e. polytheists), clearly: “And warn them, [O Muhammad], of the Approaching Day, when hearts are at the throats, filled [with distress]. For the wrongdoers there will be no devoted friend and no intercessor [who is] obeyed.” [Ref: 40:18] In another verse Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) states: “So today no ransom will be taken from you or from those who disbelieved. Your refuge is the Fire. It is most worthy of you, and wretched is the destination.” [Ref: 57:15] There are two reasons why polytheists will not have intercessors on judgment day, a) polytheists took idol-gods as their intercessors they did not become Muslims. Taking idol-gods as intercessors with Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) and worshipping them is prohibited. Polytheists took prohibited intercessors with Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala). Regarding prohibited intercessor idol-gods Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) stated: “And they [the polytheists] worship besides Allah [idol-gods] things that hurt them not nor profit them and they [the polytheists] say: These [idol-gods] are our intercessors with Allah.” [Ref: 10:18] “And do not invoke besides Allah [idol-god intercessors] that which neither benefits you nor harms you, for if you did, then indeed you would be of the wrongdoers.'" [Ref: 10:106] Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) tells the polytheists they will disbelieve in whom they associate with Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) as His god-partners: “And there will not be for them among their partners any intercessors, and they will [then] be disbelievers in their partners.” [Ref: 30:13] Prophet (sallallahu alayhi was’sallam) is made to say to the polytheists regarding their idol-god intercessors: “Should I take other than Him gods! If the Most Merciful intends for me some adversity, their intercession will not avail me at all, nor can they save me.” [Ref: 36:23] Coming to the second reason, if the polytheists had accepted Islam then they would have had Prophet (sallallahu alayhi was’sallam) and believers as their intercessors because they would have believed in these intercessors while affirming Oneness of Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala).

Part Three – 😧 Verse 2:254 In The Context Of Quran:

Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) stated: “O you who believe! Spend from that which We have provided for you, before a Day comes when there will be no bargaining, nor friendship, nor intercession. And it is the disbelievers who are the wrong-doers.” [Ref: 2:254] Even though in the beginning of the verse the believers are addressed but later in the verse Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) states about the disbelievers that they will not be able to bargain for paradise, nor their friendships will Muslims will avail them nor they will have intercession of their intercessors -no intercession of their idol gods. Hence according to all the established evidence the correct understanding of the verse is; “O you who believe! Spend from that which We have provided for you, before a Day comes when there will be no bargaining, nor friendship, nor intercession [for the disbelievers]. And it is the disbelievers who are the wrong-doers.” [Ref: 2:254] Or it could mean; “O you who believe! Spend from that which We have provided for you, before a Day comes when there will be no bargaining, nor friendship, nor intercession [without the permission of Allah subhanahu wa ta’ala]. And it is the disbelievers who are the wrong-doers.” [Ref: 2:254] In the context of the verse and general Quranic theology the implication would be; Prophet (sallallahu alayhi was’sallam) tell the believers to do good deeds (i.e. give Charity) because on judgment day there will not be anyone permitted to intercede for them without His permission hence the good deeds will save you from punishment of fire. Note the those sinners whose bad deeds out weigh the good deeds will have to taste the punishment and Prophet (sallallahu alayhi was’sallam) will only be able to intercede for them after he receives permission. Hence they should not solely rely on the intercession of Prophet (sallallahu alayhi was’sallam) but perform good deeds to remain out of fire even before the permission is granted.

Muhammad bin Abdul Wahhab Methodology Is Methodology Of Khawarij:

We have established that the verse 39:3 is referring to the Awliyah of polytheists and Quran establishes the Awliyah of polytheists were idol-gods. The verse 10:18 was revealed about the polytheists who contended with Prophet (sallallahu alayhi was’sallam) about Tawheed and instead of believing in One-ness of Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) the polytheists believed in many gods and worshipped these many gods and believed these gods will be their intercessors to Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala). In a nutshell, it can be said this verse too was revealed regarding the polytheists and their gods. The verse 2:254 can be interpreted differently and both interpretations are valid. One interpretation is, that the verse refers to polytheists and disbelievers in general not having any intercessor in court of Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala). The second interpretation is; Prophet (sallallahu alayhi was’sallam) will not be able to intercede for the disbelievers if they are sent to hellfire due to their bad deeds out weighing the good ones, until Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) is granted the permission to intercede. Now, Muhammad bin Abdul Wahhab quoted verses which were revealed regarding the disbelievers and their idol-gods and applied these verses to Muslims of his time. With exception to 2:254 which can be interpreted differently all other verses definitely and certainly referred to non-Muslims. The only verse which can be interpreted in context of Muslims was employed by Shaykh al-Najd Muslims have no intercessors with Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) in reality establishes Muslims have intercessors with Allah (subhanahu wa ta'ala) with His permission. Hazrat Abdullah Ibn Umar (radiallah ta’ala anhu) stated about the people who employ the methodology like of Muhammad bin Abdul Wahhab: “... and the Mulhidun (heretical) after the establishment of firm proof against them: "And the statement of Allah: 'Allah will not mislead a people after He has guided them, until He makes clear to them what to avoid.' [9:115] And Ibn Umar used to consider them (the Khawarij and the Mulhidun) the worst of Allah's creatures and said: …” Why he considered them as the worst in the creation of Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) is also explained: "These people took some verses that had been revealed concerning the disbelievers and interpreted them as describing the believers.” [Ref: Bukhari, Volume 9, Page 49, Chapter 6: Qatal Al Khawarij]  This is the nature of Khawarij to describe the believers as disbelievers and interpret the verses which revealed regarding disbelievers in such a fashion that they describe believers. This methodology is a heretical innovation and anyone who employs it and applies understanding of such verses upon Muslims saying; these verses describe your belief, is from the heretics/innovators and from the people who will enter the fire.

Conclusion:

From the Tafsir of the verses it is established that polytheists do not have and will not have any intercessors with Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala). The primary reason for this is; they have taken idols as gods and attributed them to be partners of Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) and it was these attributed god-partners which the Mushrikeen believed will be their intercessors. In contrast to polytheists we the Muslims believe Prophets and pious Muslims are our intercessors as servants of Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) and not because of being god-partners with Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala). We also believe Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) has granted them the permission to intercede on behalf of believers. Hence in light of this, the prohibited intercession is one which is sought from a idol-god instead of Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) and the permitted intercession is, which is sought from a creation of Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) while affirming creed of Tawheed. Also the methodology which Muhammad bin Abdul Wahhab employed is innovation of Khawarij. As a result of his methodology he is from these people, the worst people in creation of Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala) and those who follow him in creed and in methodology are also from his sect of Khawarij.

Wama Alayna Ilal Balaghul Mubeen.
Muhammed Ali Razavi

Edited 2 جون 2023 by MuhammedAli